Ստորոգյալի համաձայնեցումը ենթակայի հետ դեմքով և թվով
The predicate of a sentence usually agrees with the subject in person and number.
He speaks several foreign languages.
This book is interesting
These books are interesting
BUT…
if the subject is expressed by a collective noun, a singular verb is used if the group acts together as a unit, and a plural verb is used if the members of the group act as separate individuals. Here are some collective nouns: family, committee, team, crew, staff, army, poultry and so on.
Our family consists of four members.
Our family are having tea now.
This team was organized two years ago.
Today this team are playing very badly.
The predicate of the sentence is always in the plural form if the subject is expressed by the nouns: people, police and cattle.
There were a lot of people at the meeting.
The police are looking for the thief.
Some nouns are always used in the plural form and, consequently, the verbs are also used in the plural form: goods, clothes, wages, eye-glasses, spectacles, binoculars, scissors, trousers and so on.
The scissors are in the drawer.
Different goods are sold at the fair market.
The following nouns, on the other hand, are always used in the singular form and, consequently, the verbs that follow them are used in the singular form too: information, advice, progress, furniture, knowledge.
The new furniture has made the flat more comfortable
His advice was helpful.
Different sorts of fruits and vegetables are usually used in the plural form in their general usage.
Potatoes are very expensive this year.
Apples are good for our health.
If the subject is expressed by one of the following pronouns: everybody, everything, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, either, neither , the predicate must be in the singular form.
Everybody was ready to begin the discussion.
Either of these books is interesting.
Neither of them wants to join us.
If all denotes things, the predicate after it is in the singular form, and if all denotes persons, the predicate is used in the plural form.
All is well that ends well.
All were present.
There are some nouns that have the ending s but the predicate after them is in the singular form: physics, mathematics, news, phonetics and so on.
Mathematics is a difficult subject.
If a sentence has two subjects connected with the conjunction and, the predicate is used in the plural form.
Andrew and Christine were happy in that small town.
The predicate agrees with the first subject in number after there is (are)
There is a table and six chairs in the room.
There are six chairs and a table in the room.
If two subjects are connected with with, the predicate agrees with the first subject.
A woman with a little girl was standing in the door way.
If two subjects are connected with either…or, neither…nor, the predicate agrees with the second subject.
Either he or his friends are always present at our meetings.
Either his friends or he is always present at our meetings.
In special questions when the subject is expressed by who or what, the predicate is always in the singular form.
What has made him refuse this proposal?
Who is running towards us?
But if who, which and that are relative pronouns, the predicate agrees with the subject in number.
I don’t know the students who are standing outside the dean’s office.
After a number of… the predicate is used in the plural form, and after the number of… the predicate is used in the singular form.
A number of students were speaking to the dean.
The number of students in our university increases every year.
If the name of a country or the title of a book or film is expressed by a noun in the plural form, the predicate is used in the plural form.
The United States is a powerful country.
The Nights in Kabiria is a touching film.
If two or more subjects are expressed by infinitives, the predicate is in the singular.
To sit down at his desk and to create was all that he wanted.
If two subjects are connected with as well as,the predicate agrees with the first subject.
The boys as well as the coach were sure that they would win the match.
The boy as well as the teachers was sure of his success.
If two subjects are connected with and, the predicate is used in the plural form.
Tom and Jane are in love with each other.
But if two things form a close unit, the predicate is in the singular form.
Thread and needle was in her hand.
The predicate is in the singular when the subject is expressed by two nouns denoting one person.
Her husband and children’s father is the man whom she loves most.
EXERCISES
Choose the Right Form of the Predicate
Two dollars is not enough to buy a ticket for the theatre.
The two dollars are exactly alike.
Mathematics and Physics are difficult subjects.
Phonetics is taught at our university.
The girls as well as the teacher want to discuss that question.
The coach as well as the players wants to postpone the match because of the heavy rain.
Either the headmaster or the staff is always late for the meeting.
Either the staff or the headmaster is always late for the meeting.
Neither the teacher nor the pupils hope for better results.
Neither the pupils nor the teacher hopes for better results.
To go to school and to study is his favourite occupation.
Great Expectations is one of my favourite books.
His wife and his children’s mother is abroad.
The boys are playing football in the yard.
Who is playing in the yard?
15 . Trousers were first worn in 1815.
16 Japanese economics is based on high technology.
17. The Netherlands is in North Europe.
18. The jury were speaking loudly in the corridor.
19. The orchestra are playing very well today.
20. The orchestra was conducted by Ohan Duryan last night.
21. The audience were still applauding when the actor left the stage.
22. Many don’t stand the feeling of humiliation.
23. Both Martha and Sarah are happy to receive guests.
24. Neither he nor we are eager to see Mr. Brown.
25. Stars on the flag are another symbol of the country.
26. Measles is children’s disease.
27. Everybody was present at the meeting, weren’t they?
28. The news about his arrival has troubled me much.
29. Yeritsyan and Sons sells food products.
30. Which of them is your partner
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